A Society Transformed
The beginning of the Twenties ushered in a period of unprecedented change, shaking the foundations of the Victorian era’s traditions. Women, invigorated by the experience of working during World War I and empowered by the right to vote, began to challenge the societal constraints that had long bound them. The flapper emerged as the symbol of this liberation, a woman who embraced a new level of independence and modernity. The long, cumbersome dresses and hairstyles of the past were shed, replaced by shorter skirts, more comfortable clothing, and, most notably, dramatically shorter hairstyles.
Cinema and the Stage: Influencers of the Times
The rise of Hollywood and the burgeoning film industry played a pivotal role in shaping fashion trends. The silver screen became a powerful vehicle for disseminating images of glamour and sophistication, and the actresses of the time became style icons. Actresses such as Clara Bow, with her captivating beauty, and Louise Brooks, with her iconic sleek bob, became synonymous with the new modern woman. Their hairstyles, carefully crafted and flawlessly maintained, were emulated by women around the world. The theater also served as a source of influence, and stylish actresses on the stage further contributed to the growing popularity of shorter hair.
From Locks to Liberation: The Transformation of Hair
The most dramatic change that occurred within hairstyling during this period was the shift from long hair to shorter styles. The long, elaborate hairstyles of the past were seen as impractical and restricting. Shorter styles were seen as more modern, easier to manage, and symbolic of the newfound independence that women were experiencing. The invention of the permanent wave, though initially a luxury, played a crucial role in popularizing shorter styles. It made it easier for women to maintain their hairstyles and achieve the desired shapes and volumes.
The Iconic Bob: A Symbol of the New Era
Without a doubt, the bob reigned supreme. This iconic hairstyle, characterized by its short length, clean lines, and versatility, became the defining look of the decade. This style was not a single, rigid style, but rather a family of variations that adapted to individual preferences and face shapes.
Variations of the Bob
One of the most classic bob styles was the simple, chin-length bob. It was a straightforward cut, often with blunt ends, which was exceptionally easy to style. The graduated bob, another popular choice, featured layers that were shorter in the back and gradually lengthened towards the front, adding volume and movement. The inverted bob, a more modern take, was shorter in the back and angled downwards towards the front, creating a chic and stylish profile.
An enduring symbol of the times, the bob was more than just a hairstyle; it was a statement of freedom and modernity. It was a rejection of the conventions of the past and an embrace of the future. The bob became synonymous with the spirit of the Twenties, the freedom to be yourself, and to express yourself.
The Shingle Bob: A Refined Cut
A variation of the bob, the shingle bob, offered a more refined and sophisticated look. This hairstyle involved cutting the hair very close to the head at the nape of the neck, giving the impression of a “shingled” effect. It was carefully sculpted, often with the back of the hair tapered inward to hug the neck. This gave it a sleek, almost architectural feel. The shingle bob epitomized the era’s fascination with clean lines and geometric shapes.
Finger Waves: Sculpting Beauty
For those seeking a touch of elegance and glamour, finger waves were the go-to choice. These intricate waves, created by skillfully using the fingers, combs, and styling products, were a testament to the artistry of the hairdresser. This technique involved pinching and molding wet hair into elegant “S” shaped waves, allowing it to dry in place. The result was a beautifully sculpted hairstyle that exuded sophistication. Finger waves were a favorite for special occasions and added a touch of drama to any look.
The Marcel Wave: Glamour Personified
The Marcel wave was another stunning hairstyle that elevated the look of the Twenties. Created using hot curling irons, the Marcel wave, named after the French hairdresser Marcel Grateau, produced deep, cascading waves that framed the face beautifully. This technique required great skill and precision, and the finished result was a look of dramatic elegance. Marcel waves were often paired with bold lipsticks and dramatic eye makeup to complete the glamorous Twenties look. This style was very popular for evenings out and events.
The Eton Crop: A Bold Statement
For the truly daring, the Eton crop was a bold choice that defied convention. This style featured extremely short hair, cut close to the head, and was named after the popular school style. This was a particularly androgynous look that challenged traditional ideas of femininity. The Eton crop was a daring statement of modernity, reflecting the spirit of innovation and progress of the era.
Headbands and Accessories: Finishing Touches
No hairstyle of the Twenties was complete without the perfect accessories. Headbands, cloche hats, and decorative pins were essential elements for completing the look. Headbands, often adorned with jewels, feathers, or other embellishments, added a touch of glamour. Cloche hats, which closely hugged the head, were a staple, offering a sleek, stylish silhouette. Decorative pins, often placed strategically, further enhanced the overall look. These accessories were an integral part of the overall Twenties aesthetic, and they were used to add personality and flare.
Historical Influence: From Ancient Times to the Modern Day
The influence of the past was an interesting dynamic that was present even in the modern Twenties. The bob, for example, found its roots in ancient Egypt. Ancient Egyptians, like the women of the Roaring Twenties, wore their hair short and styled in a variety of ways. This was often found amongst royalty and the wealthy. Another inspiration came from Hollywood, with many actresses embracing the bob.
Innovation and New Technologies: Driving Change
New technologies and techniques fueled the evolution of hairstyles. The invention of the permanent wave was revolutionary. It enabled women to maintain their styles, and allowed them to experiment with new looks. The availability of new styling products, like pomade and gel, helped to shape and maintain the intricate hairstyles of the era.
Modern Styles and Adaptations
Today, the allure of the Twenties is still a powerful force. Hairstyles from the decade continue to inspire and influence modern trends. Many of the classic styles can be recreated with modern tools and techniques.
Recreating the Bob
The bob, as versatile as it was then, is still a go-to choice today. Start by cutting your hair to the desired length, and create layers to add movement. For a more authentic look, you can use a curling iron or straightener to create waves.
Crafting Finger Waves
Recreating finger waves requires patience and skill, but the results are well worth it. Start with wet hair and apply styling gel or mousse. Use a comb and your fingers to shape the waves, and allow the hair to air dry. You can also use a diffuser to speed up the process.
Selecting Products and Tools
To achieve the perfect look, you’ll need the right tools and products. A good quality comb, styling gel, and hairspray are essential. A curling iron or straightener can be used to create waves and volume. Hairpins and accessories, such as headbands and decorative pins, can further enhance the look.
The Enduring Legacy
The hairstyles of the Twenties have left a lasting impact on fashion and popular culture. The bob, finger waves, and Marcel waves continue to be adapted and reinterpreted in modern styles. The glamour and elegance of the Twenties continue to inspire designers, hairstylists, and style enthusiasts. The spirit of the era, a time of freedom, innovation, and self-expression, continues to resonate with women today.
The Twenties offered a bold, unique style of glamour. From the simple, sleek bob to the artful finger wave, these hairstyles embodied the energy of the time. They represent a time of change and freedom for women. They were a defining feature of a decade that transformed the world. The glamour of the era continues to live on, and these hairstyles serve as a reminder of the power of style, innovation, and self-expression.
